苦茶Camellia assamica var.kucha Chang et Wang的嘌呤生物碱

叶创兴　林永成　苏建业　宋晓虹　张宏达

摘　要：用重量法和柱层析法从苦茶Camellia assamica var.kucha Chang et Wang的嫩梢中分离出3种嘌呤生物碱，经薄层层析、熔点测定、元素分析、核磁共振和质谱等对其结构的测定，鉴定为咖啡碱、1，3，7，9-四甲基尿酸和可可碱，其百分含量分别为0.88%，0.84%和0.29%.样品水提物经氯仿萃取后直接由高压液相色谱分析，测得苦茶含咖啡碱1.932 9%，四甲基尿酸1.294 1%，可可碱0.585 5%，茶叶碱0.012 8%.这是茶组植物中嘌呤生物碱新的分布模式.
关键词：苦茶Camellia assamica var.kucha Chang et Wang；嘌呤生物碱；1，3，7，9-四甲基尿酸；咖啡碱
中图分类号：Q 946.88　　文献标识码：A

Purine Alkaloids in Camellia assamica var.kucha Chang et Wang

YE Chuang-xing^*,LIN Yong-cheng,SU Jian-ye,SONG Xiao-hong,ZHANG Hong-da
^*School of Life Sciences,Zhongshan University,Guangzhou 510275,China

Abstract：Purine alkaloids in Camellia assamica var.Kucha Chang et Wang were investigated by extraction combined with silica gel column chromatography. Three products were isolated. Product A and C were determined as caffeine and theobromine by TLC and melting point compared with standards. The structure of product B were determined by MS and ¹HNMR, the element analysis and melting point for 1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid.The purine alkaoids were consisted of caffeine,1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid, theobromine and theophylline in the leaves of C.assamica var.kucha, and their content was 1.932 9%, 1.294 1%, 0.585 5% and 0.012 8% respectively by HPLC.The distribution of new type of purine alkaloids and such high content of tetramethyluric acid in wild tea tree resources is firstly reported.
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